Digital Design Engineer Interview Questions

MOESI is a cache coherency protocol- like the MESI (Modified, Exclusive, Shared and Invalid) but with an "Owned" state. Modified: Data is recent (and has been modified!) and this data is held by no other processor or the memory. This data is 'dirty'. Exclusive: Data is recent and present only in the current cache and the memory holds a copy as well. No other processor holds this data. Shared: Other caches may also have this data and the data matches memory. This data is 'clean'. Invalid: The data is invalid or incorrect. Owned: The Owned state signifies that the data is Modified as well as Shared. While the data must be still written to memory, this can be delayed since there is no need to write the modified data into memory before sharing it.

This is ofcourse, for a Write-back Cache!

Yes, I was able to provide my assistance and complete my own work

0-100 have constant addition. add the numbers in the array and subtract it from the constant sum.

Assuming that a number only appears once, find the sum and subtract from the total possible value (1+2+3+....+100) and subtract to find the missing number. But it would be smart to ask if a number can appear multiple times or not since that may increase or decrease the complexity of the problem, but shows that you're really thinking about all the problem parameters.

setup time is the required time before the clock edge for the data line to be stable. hold time is the required time for the data line to be stable after the clock edge. Consequences of violations are, signal might go meta-stability.

Modeling sequential logic circuits. Controller, counter, etc

I am not from Analog background but my analytical ability lead me through to answer it perfectly.

Cool question!

Very cool question

I was quite expecting this question and had been looking for the answer for sometime over the internet. But forgot at the last minute. He lead me to the answer through pn-diode characteristics. And finally explained