Description NOS knows it's all about the science. The National Ocean Service (NOS) works at observing, understanding, and managing the nation's coastal and marine resources. Operations include promoting safe ocean-going commerce and transportation and conserving the nation's ecosystems along 95,000 miles of shoreline and 3.5 million square miles of ocean. Working through eight program offices, it provides nautical charts and maps, manages or funds the management of about 40 marine and estuarine sanctuaries, plans and conducts training for state coastal economic development, and forecasts the effects of natural and man-made environmental changes. It is one of five components of the Department of Commerce's NOAA.