I applied online. The process took 12 months. I interviewed at Alameda County Sheriff (Dublin, CA) in Dec 2012
Interview
Lengthy! Written exam is not very difficult - know basic math and english. Next is oral board - a little intimidating but just be yourself. Lastly, the background check. Just be honest! You'll be fine.
Interview questions [1]
Question 1
They will ask things like "Have you ever been in a situation where you had to diffuse a verbal/physical altercation?"